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Archive for January, 2011

 

By Rick Nauert PhD Senior News Editor
Reviewed by John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on September 29, 2010

A new behavioral model tested on mice suggests that early weaning and separation from their mothers promotes long-lasting hyperactivity and anxiety.

Researchers developed the model from observing mice and plan to use the model to investigate the long-term effects of early childhood neglect in people.

Arthur Simen and a team of researchers from Yale University School of Medicine, USA, tested their ‘Maternal separation with early weaning’ (MSEW) model in a group of 80 male mice.

He said, “Childhood adversity, in the form of abuse and neglect, is prevalent throughout the world and poses a significant public health problem. Unfortunately, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the consequences of early life neglect remain largely unknown.

“To address this, we devised a method of maternal separation that combines several published protocols in order to increase the likelihood of observing a reliable behavioral effect while minimizing fatalities to the developing offspring.”

Read in Full:  http://psychcentral.com/news/2010/09/29/early-separation-from-mother-leads-to-issues/18908.html



By Rick Nauert PhD Senior News Editor
Reviewed by John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on September 29, 2010

A new study suggests teens that experience the manic phase of bipolar disorder may be at risk for STI’s.

The finding augments prior research that determined teens with mental health disorders are more likely to engage in high risk sexual behaviors, like unprotected sex.

Researchers from the Bradley Hasbro Children’s Research Center discovered teens that experience the manic phase of bipolar disorder are more sexually active, have more sexual partners and are more likely to have a sexually transmitted infection (STI).

The manic phase of bipolar is marked by dramatic mood swings from euphoria and elation to irritability.

Researchers also found that teens with externalizing disorders (which includes attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorders and angry, defiant or hostile behaviors like stealing) are more likely to be sexually active than their peers, putting them at higher risk for HIV and other STIs.

Read in Full:  http://psychcentral.com/news/2010/09/29/risky-sexual-actions-linked-to-mania/18901.html



 

 

 

by  Manura Nanayakkara MBBS

 

Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic medication prescribed in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, Autism in children and early phase of the bipolar mania. Most common brand name is Risperdal.

 

What is the mechanism of action?

 

Schizophrenia and other psychoses are caused by problems in brain chemistry. Risperidone alters and corrects the brain chemistry so patient’s psychotic features disappear. Risperidone blocks both dopamine and serotonin in certain brain regions. Dopamine block explains its effectiveness in schizophrenia and psychoses. Additional serotonin blockade counterbalances the dopamine effects in unwanted brain regions and prevents side effects.

 

What are the main indications?

 

1. Schizophrenia: – Schizophrenia is the most common condition Risperidone is prescribed for. Schizophrenia is characterized by positive symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations and negative symptoms like social withdrawal. Risperidone reduces positive symptoms as well as negative symptoms and allows the patient to function normally in the society. In addition, patients must take Risperidone for at least two weeks to feel a change. But the side effects will come before that and usually wanes after two to three weeks.

 

2. Schizoaffective disorder: – It is a disorder characterized by mixture of schizophrenic symptoms and manic depressive features. Usually patients have prominent mood symptoms.  

 

Read in Full: 

http://www.helium.com/items/1967636-what-is-risperidone-prescribed



 

By Rick Nauert PhD Senior News Editor
Reviewed by John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on September 30, 2010

Relatively brief intervention within 30 days of witnessing or experiencing a traumatic event may help protect children from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Statistically, after experiencing a potentially traumatic event as many as 1 in 5 children will develop PTSD.

The new technique, called Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention (CFTSI) prevented chronic and sub-clinical PTSD in 73 percent of children and also reduced symptoms such as reliving a traumatic experience, sleep disturbances, emotional numbness, angry outbursts or difficulties concentrating.

In the study, 106 children ranging from 7 to 17 years in age and a caregiver were randomly assigned to receive the four-session Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention or a four-session supportive comparison intervention, both provided within 30 days following exposure to a traumatic event.

Children were referred by police, a forensic sexual abuse program, or the local pediatric emergency department in an urban city in Connecticut.

Read in Full:  http://psychcentral.com/news/2010/09/30/brief-early-intervention-slows-ptsd-in-children/18970.html



 

Bill White Updated: Sep 28th 2010

I’d like to open with a poem I wrote several years ago, inspired by the late autumn landscapes featured in the film, Hoosiers.

 Quietly Gently

Quietly gently
Come along to a sensual vista of beauty rare
And stark measure

To a field at epoch in season changing
The bountiful harvest long ago reaped
Leaving the earth solitary and void

Take my hand and gaze with me
This montage of spectral twilight
Swirling on canvas of perfect horizon

Feel with me the chill of winter’s eve
And the warmth of wool
Follow trails of mist from deep in our lungs

The peace of the heartland
The praise of our souls

Shhhh silent now
Hear the wind dance with her lovers
How dear it is

Can you feel this joy
Will you know this pleasure
Quietly gently

The onset of autumn can be emotionally and mentally challenging for those of us enduring a mood or anxiety disorder.

Those with depressive leanings begin to anticipate the misery of seasonal affective disorder. And the change in daylight hours affects those who deal with degrees of mania. Anxiety disorder sufferers often have difficulty absorbing the profound environmental changes.

And, of course, knowing the holidays are within arm’s reach can bring despair, as well as joy. Both can have profound impact.

Read in Full:  http://www.mentalhelp.net/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=39667&cn=5



Associated Press – September 30, 2010 4:14 AM ET

ATHENS, Ga. (AP) – The University of Georgia has received a $1.2 million federal grant to develop an app for mobile devices to help autistic and developmentally delayed people complete routine daily tasks.

UGA researcher Kevin Ayres said the program, called iSkills, will be like “a video cookbook for everyday tasks.”

Read in Full:  http://www.wtxl.tv/Global/story.asp?S=13242545



 

The Center for Disability Rights and the Regional Center for Independent would like to invite you to a presentation by Ari Ne’eman entitled Neurodiversity, Autistic Self-Advocacy and New Constituencies in the Disability Rights Movement at the Startdust Ballroom, 41 Backus Street, Rochester, NY 14608. on Thursday, October 7th from 6 – 8pm.

Ari Ne’eman, President of The Autistic Self Advocacy Network, ASAN, will be speaking on the growing presence in the disability rights movement of Autistic adults and those with other disabilities not frequently involved in activism. Discussion will include what priorities the Autistic Self-Advocacy community has for the realization of that community’s civil rights, non-traditional access issues and how to think about making a world that is accessible for an even more diverse disability community, concerns over potential eugenic directions in autism research and the broader idea of “neurodiversity” and how it connects with the disability rights agenda for all people with disabilities. There will be opportunity afterwards for questions and discussion.

Read in Full:  http://rochester.indymedia.org/newswire/display/26506/index.php



 

We trawl the world’s journals so you don’t have to:

William James memorial issue (Journal of Humanistic Psychology).

Imaging genetics (NeuroImage). From the editorial: ‘Imaging genetics can be defined as research strategy that applies anatomical or functional imaging technologies as phenotypic assays to evaluate genetic variation with the potential to understand their impact on behavior … Imaging genetics has become tremendously popular over the past years and many hundreds of studies have utilized genetics and neuroimaging techniques so far in order to investigate the subtle relationship between genes and their neural correlates.’

Implicit measures of consumer response (Psychology and Marketing).

Mental health courts and diversion programs (International Journal of Law and Psychiatry).

Collaboration, coordination, and adaptation in complex sociotechnical systems (Human Factors). From the preface: ‘Sociotechnical systems comprise integrated human and machine entities that, when functioning as an integrated, coordinated unit, can address a wide range of problems that are too complex to be addressed by individuals or machines working alone. However, the design and implementation of modern work systems tends to place primary emphasis on technological innovation without equal consideration for the social component—the teams and groups of humans—that uses that technology.’

Self, other and memory, memory and self-understanding: Self-concept – self-image – self-deception (Consciousness and Cognition). 

Source:  http://bps-research-digest.blogspot.com/2010/09/special-issue-spotter_28.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+BpsResearchDigest+(BPS+Research+Digest)



 

By John M Grohol PsyD

We talk a lot about the different types of research conducted in psychology that measure the effectiveness of various treatment methods. In fact, we publish daily news stories that cover a lot of new research findings every week. Some of the treatment research has to do with medications, some with psychotherapy, and some with other methods of treatment.

But it’s all confusing and can be more than a little overwhelming. Take, for instance, the contradictory findings and results surrounding antidepressant medications. Some research says they are no better than sugar pills — placebos. Other research says they can be effective, but you just need to find the right one at the right dose. It’s hard to know what the research really says as a whole.

Wouldn’t it be nice if there was a central database or clearinghouse where you could find such information?

Well, at least in the world of psychotherapy and interventions for children and teenagers, now there is.

The Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies got together with the Society for Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology (Division 53 of the American Psychological Association) and published a great website recently — Evidence-Based Mental Health Treatment for Children and Adolescents.

Read in Full:  http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2010/09/26/evidence-based-treatments-for-children-teens/



 

Article Date: 25 Sep 2010 – 1:00 PDT

Playing video games for hours on end may prepare your child to become a laparoscopic surgeon one day, a new study has shown. Reorganisation of the brain’s cortical network in young men with significant experience playing video games gives them an advantage not only in playing the games but also in performing other tasks requiring visuomotor skills. The findings are published in the October 2010 issue of Elsevier’s Cortex.

Read in Full: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/202474.php

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